Volume 120 - Number 4 - Winter 2005-06
Killing Civilians Intentionally: Double Effect, Reprisal, and Necessity in the Middle East MICHAEL L. GROSS examines the arguments that Palestinians and Israelis offer when innocent lives are taken. He challenges Palestinian claims that existential threats (supreme emergency) or reprisals for past wrongs can justify terror attacks on noncombatants. At the same time, he objects to Israeli explanations that invoke the doctrine of double effect and claim that noncombatants are not killed intentionally but die as an unintended side effect of necessary military operations.
Volume 119 - Number 4 - Winter 2004-05
The Iraqi Intervention and Democracy in Comparative Historical Perspective EVA BELLIN draws on comparative historical analysis to explore the question can military occupation serve as the midwife to democracy? She challenges the relevance of America’s historically successful occupation of Germany and Japan to the current intervention in Iraq because of the cases’ fundamental incomparability. Broader comparison suggests that military occupation may improve the chances of democratization but overall, the outcome is largely shaped by other factors, domestic and international.
Volume 118 - Number 1 - Spring 2003
American Secret Intelligence: A Review Essay John Prados comments on two recent books in the intelligence field that focus on spies and on Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) organization for scientific and technical work. From the spy as con artist to the cloak and dagger uses of laboratories and drafting tables, the works recast images of intelligence or break new ground in little understood areas. Both retain relevance today, although the main problems of intelligence are shifting away from areas where the CIA is strongest.
Volume 118 - Number 1 - Spring 2003
Terrorism as Breaking News: Attack on America Brigitte L. Nacos analyzes the news coverage of the September 11 terror attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. She concludes that the American press helped Osama bin Laden and al Qaeda to realize their publicity objectives, while simultaneously losing some of its bite as the watchdog of government.
Volume 117 - Number 3 - Fall 2002
Capitalist Development, Entrepreneurial Class, and Democratization in China An Chen examines China’s capitalist development in the reform era as an “artifact” invented by the communist state. He argues that in a somewhat spurious capitalist context, China’s entrepreneurial class and other middle classes must rely heavily upon arbitrary political power for survival and thriving.
Volume 117 - Number 2 - Summer 2002
CIA's Strategic Intelligence in Iraq Richard L. Russell examines the strengths and weaknesses of American intelligence during the Gulf War in gauging Iraqi political intentions and military capabilities. He finds that overall strategic intelligence served policy makers well, but that some shortcomings, particularly in human intelligence collection, need to be corrected if the United States is to successfully deal with Iraq in the post-September 11 world. The role of the CIA was diminished after the war, even though he finds that the CIA’s estimates were more accurate than those of the Defense establishment.
Volume 116 - Number 1 - Spring 2001
Civil Society and the Consolidation of Democracy in Spain
Volume 99 - Number 2 - Summer 1984
Will More Countries Become Democratic? Samuel P. Huntington analyzes the preconditions for, and the processes of, democratization to evaluate the prospects for the emergence of additional democratic regimes in the world. He does not find those prospects very bright.
